Virginia Henderson's conceptual model
Preliminary
Virginia Henderson was born in 1897, fifth child of eight siblings in the family. He is native of Kansas City, Mo. Henderson spent growing up in Virginia because his father practiced law in Washington D, C.
During World War I Henderson interested in the science of care. Then in 1918 he entered the Military School in Washington DC Nurses Henderson graduated in 1921 and occupies a position as a staff nurse at the Henry Street Visiting Nurse Service in New York. In 1922 Henderson began teaching science in the treatment of Prostetan Hospital in Norfolk, Virginia. Five years later he entered the Teacher, Äôs college at the University of Colombia in a row where he consecutively won his BS and MA in education care. In 1929 Henderson became supervisor of clinical teaching at Strong Memorial Hospital in Rochester, New York. He returned to the Teacher, Äôs college in 1930 as an instructor, providing training analytical process of clinical care and practice until 1948.
Henderson enjoyed a long career as a writer of researchers. While teaching at the Teacher, Äôs college he rewrote the fourth edition of the writings Bertha Harmer Textbook of the Principles and Practice of Nursing and Practice of Nursing after the death of the author. This edition published in 1939. The fifth edition of the book was published in 1955 and includes maintenance work of Henderson's definition of science. Hnderson joined Yale University since the early 1950s and have done much to research further treatment through this association. Beginning in 1959 until 1971. Henderson heads the Nursing Studies Index Project, sponsored Yale. Nursing Studies Index into the four-volume biography completed with the index maintenance, analysis, and literature, history since 1900 until 1959.
In 1980 Henderson was still active as a Research Associate Emeritus at Yale. Henderson's achievements and influence in the profession of nursing has provided more than tuujh doctoral degree and Christiane Reimann Award for her first time.
Central Concept Description
1. Human:
Creature intact, complete and independent who has 14 basic human needs which include:
1. Breathing
2. Eating and drinking
3. Elimination
4. Mobilization
5. Sleep Rest
6. Dress
7. Maintaining body temperature
8. Police
9. Avoiding hazards
10. Communicate
11. Work
12. Play
13. Worshipping
14. Study
2. Community / environment:
All the external conditions that affect the lives and development of organisms
3. Health:
Viewed as the ability of individuals to perform 14 components of nursing care without assistance (eg, breathing normally). Health is the quality of basic life needs to function and independence and interdependence. So more to the quality of life than life itself, which allows humans to work effectively and achieve or maintain their health if they have the power, desire or knowledge required.
4. Nursing:
Unique function is to help clients better nurse healthy or sick, in carrying out activities that contribute to the health, recovery or die in peace. Activities to be undertaken without the assistance if the strength / capability, desire or knowledge. Also do so in such a way as to help clients independently as soon as possible.
MAIN ELEMENT GOALS
1. The purpose of nursing care:
14 gratification of self-sufficiency in basic needs
2. Client:
Complete human being, complete and autonomous components that have 14 basic needs
3. The role of nurses:
Role-complementary addition to maintaining or restoring self-sufficiency in basic needs satisfaction 14
4. Source difficulties / problems:
Not having the ability / strength, willpower or knowledge
5. Focus of intervention:
Deficit which is the source of client difficulties
6. Ways of intervention:
Action to replace, complement, add, generate or increase the strength, willpower or knowledge
7. Consequence
1. Increased self-sufficiency in satisfying basic human needs 14
2. Died peacefully
THEORETICAL assertions
- Nurse Patient Relationship
Three levels of nurse patient relationship can be recognized:
1. nurse as a substitute (replacement) for the patient.
2. nurse as a helper (helper)
3. nurse as a partner (partner) with the patient. In moments of severe illness, the nurse looked like, what Äúpengganti patients lacking to make it a complete, intact, or free due to reduced physical strength, willpower or pengatahuan.
During the recovery condition (convalescence), nurses helping patients achieve or regain independence. Henderson states, Äúkemandirian is all relative. None of these words does not depend on the other, but we strive to achieve health are interdependent, not dependent in the hospital.
Nurses should be able to observe not only the needs of patients, but also those conditions and pathological conditions to change it.
Nurses can change the environment in which he considers necessary. Henderson believes in every situation the nurses who know the physiological reactions and psychological Dadan temperature, light and color.
Nurses and patients are always trying to reach one goal, whether in the form of healing or a peaceful death. One goal nurses must maintain patient days as normal as possible. Making healthy is an important goal alinnya by the nurse.
- Physician Nurse Relations
Henderson demanded that the unique task of the doctors have nurses. Care plan, which formulated by perawt and patients together, must be executed with a way to propose a treatment plan that is determined doctor.
Nurses as members of the medical team. Nurse jobs hang together with other health workers. Nurses and other team members help each other run a full treatment program, but they should not do the works of others. Henderson reminds us, Äùtidak one in the team giving weight to other members, where anyone they can not afford to do these particular tasks.
FORM LOGIC
Henderson seems to use a form of reasoning deductive logic to construct a definition of science to maintain. He pulled the definition of science interesting conclusions treatment and 14 the needs of the principles of physiological and psychological. Someone should study the assumptions of the definition of Henderson's work to assess the adequacy of such logic.
ACCEPTANCE BY THE COMMUNITY Nursing
Henderson's definition of science as it relates to treatment care practices showed that nurses who see their main task as giving direct care to the patient will find immediate benefits to the patient's progress from dependent to independent conditions. Henderson believes the process of care is a process of problem-sloving and not only specific maintenance problems.
